Nitrogen is one of the most important elements needed by grains and its deficiency is seen in the agricultural lands of the world. This element is of great importance in human nutrition, poultry nutrition, animal breeding and industry. One of the important issues in agriculture is the reaction of crops to different amounts of fertilizer. Various experiments have been conducted to investigate the effect of nitrogen levels on grain yield and its components in single cross 704 corn. These tests are subject to changes based on environmental changes and different agricultural conditions, because these factors are effective in increasing the yield and the amount of fertilizer required.
The results of these tests show that with the increase in the level of nitrogen fertilizer, the length of the cob, the weight of the seeds in the cob, the number of seeds in the cob and the grain yield increase significantly. These tests are also effective on fodder and grain corns and show that with increasing nitrogen, grain yield increases by increasing the number of cobs, the number of seeds in the cob, the weight of the cob, the length of the cob, the number of rows of seeds in the cob, the diameter of the cob and the weight of 1000 seeds. increases
Applying a lot of nitrogen fertilizer in fine-textured soil does not change the reaction of the plant compared to the distribution before planting in spring or multiple row application in spring. It was also observed in different varieties of corn that with the increase of nitrogen content, plant height, cob length, 1000 seed weight, cob weight and finally grain yield increases. By comparing different levels of nitrogen on the number of seeds per ear and the weight of 1000 seeds, the best level of nitrogen is 320 kg per hectare. In addition, application of nitrogen fertilizer at the time of planting and when the plant reached 20 cm height improved fertilizer recycling. However, investigations of the optimal amount of nitrogen consumption in Gilan region showed that increasing the amount of nitrogen up to 276 kg per hectare leads to a significant increase in the number of seeds per ear, the weight of 1000 seeds and, in parallel, the yield of seeds.
It should be noted that the number of seeds in the cob and the weight of the seeds during the period of heading and the period of filling of the seeds and the supply of sufficient growing materials in this period are considered important factors and determinants of the seed yield. Also, better performance can be attributed to better physiological conditions in the absorption and metabolism of more nitrogen, as well as more favorable environmental conditions.
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