Pomegranate

The scientific name of pomegranate is Punica granatum, which is a small tree whose height reaches up to 6 meters and is planted in tropical regions.

Temperature:
Pomegranate is suitable for subtropical regions, where intense heat and radiation cause sunburn of the tree’s trunk and fruit.

Water:
It is considered a suitable factor in the economic production of pomegranate. The quantity and quality of water for pomegranate trees increases the yield and quality of fruit and even pest management.

Soil:
Pomegranate trees are compatible with all kinds of soils and are flexible to water scarcity and soil salinity.

Light:
It needs enough light.

planting:
Preparation of the main land:

Sandy-clay soils have proper depth and ventilation. Cultivation distance of 4×3 meters or 4×2.5 meters is recommended.

The dimensions of the pits:
A pit with a length and width of 1 meter and a depth of 1 meter.

When and how to plant:
Seedlings should be planted at a suitable depth and the damaged soil around it should be filled.

Watering:
Heavy irrigation should be done after planting.

Fertilization:
For the growth of pomegranate, nitrogen is obtained from the growth of leaves and flowers, which ultimately increases the fruit.

Along with nitrogen, zinc is very important. Foliar spraying solution of zinc, manganese, boron and copper after flowering or in summer is very effective.

In the second year after the harvest season and again at the first sign of flowering, you can use an 8-8-8 fertilizer.

Important pomegranate pests:
Pomegranate cutworm, aphids, and mites are important pests.

Pruning:
Forming pruning in pomegranate about 4-5 strong and healthy branches in different directions that are outwards, we remove the rest. We also cut the remaining branches to about two-thirds of their length.

Green pruning starts from the middle of August every year and all the dried branches and thorns on the tree are removed so that the skin of the fruits will not be damaged due to contact with them.

Harvest time:
The pomegranate tree usually produces flowers and fruits from the third year of planting. Fruit ripening is gradual and depending on the weather and different varieties, it continues from mid-September to the end of November.

The time of fruit ripening is when the ratio of sugar to acid (flavor of the fruit) remains constant and the pi coating (the coating around the seeds) and also the location of the seeds turn red.

Pomegranate varieties in terms of ripening time:
Pomegranate cultivars can be divided into three groups in terms of ripening and harvesting time:

Sweet early varieties:
The mentioned pomegranates ripen until the middle of September.

Sour early varieties:
Summer pomegranates are sour and alk sour, these varieties ripen until the beginning of October and must be harvested on time, because both varieties have almost no storability and must be harvested and transported to the market as soon as they are harvested.

Varieties of late pomegranate:
They arrive at the end of October or the beginning of November, and in order to prevent the problem of bursting, they should be harvested as soon as possible and transported to the consumer market. In general, more than 90% of pomegranate production is harvested in October.

Pomegranate fruits should be picked as soon as they are ripe, otherwise most of the large fruits will be damaged and crack due to the cold weather. It should be noted that pomegranates should not be picked when it is raining or dewing, because watered pomegranates will crack sooner and rot in storage.

Among the fertilizers that are produced in Yadnegar Structures Company (Cinco) and can be used for pomegranates. Zinc acetate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, copper acetate, 8-8-8 liquid fertilizer and complete NPK fertilizer due to the fact that it has micronutrients.